CVE-2026-40342

critical · 9.9

Firebird is an open-source relational database management system. In versions prior to 5.0.4, 4.0.7 and 3.0.14, the external engine plugin loader concatenates a user-supplied engine name into a filesystem path without filtering path separators or .. components. An authenticated user with CREATE FUNCTION privileges can use a crafted ENGINE name to load an arbitrary shared library from anywhere on the filesystem via path traversal. The library's initialization code executes immediately during loading, before Firebird validates the module, achieving code execution as the server's OS account. This issue has been fixed in versions 5.0.4, 4.0.7 and 3.0.14.

9.9

CVSS

0.7%

EPSS (exploit prob.)

51st

EPSS percentile

2026-04-17

Published

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

Weaknesses

CWE-22CWE-73CWE-94CWE-427

Affected products

Vendor	Product	Affected versions
firebirdsql	firebird	< 3.0.14
firebirdsql	firebird	>= 4.0.0, < 4.0.7
firebirdsql	firebird	>= 5.0.0, < 5.0.4

Check a specific version with /api/v1/cve/match.

References

Query this programmatically:

curl https://evil-db.io/api/v1/cve/CVE-2026-40342